| AAA | Abdominal aortic aneurysm |
| AAT | Alpha-1-antitrypsin |
| ABG | Arterial blood gases |
| AF | Atrial fibrillation |
| AFP | Alpha-feto protein |
| AIHA | Auto-immune haemolytic anaemia |
| ALF | Acute liver failure |
| ALL | Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia |
| ALP | Alkaline phosphatase |
| ALT | Alanine transferase |
| AMA | Anti-mitochondrial antibody |
| AML | Acute myeloid leukaemia |
| ANA | Anti-nuclear antibody |
| ANCA | Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antigen |
| ARDS | Acute respiratory distress syndrome |
| ARF | Acute renal failure |
| ASD | Atrial septal defect |
| ASMA | Anti-smooth muscle antibody |
| AST | Aspartate transferase |
| B-HCG | Beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin |
| BPH | Benign prostatic hypertrophy |
| Br | Bilirubin |
| BZD | Benzodiazepines |
| CAD | Coronary artery disease |
| CBD | Common bile duct |
| CCF | Congestive cardiac failure |
| CEA | Carcinoembyronic antigen |
| CF | Cystic fibrosis |
| CKD | Chronic kidney disease |
| CLL | Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia |
| CML | Chronic myeloid leukaemia |
| CNS | Central nervous system |
| COPD | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| CRC | Colorectal cancer |
| CRP | C-reactive protein |
| CSF | Cerebrospinal fluid |
| CT | Computerised tomography |
| CTPA | CT pulmonary angiography |
| CXR | Chest X-ray |
| CYP | Cytochrome P450 oxidases |
| DIC | Disseminated intravascular coagulation |
| DKA | Diabetic ketoacidosis |
| DMD | Duchenne musclar dystrophy |
| DU | Duodenal ulcer |
| EAA | Extrinsic allergic alveolitis |
| EM | Electron microscopy |
| EPO | Erythropoeitin |
| ER+ | Oestrogen receptor positive |
| ERCP | Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
| ESR | Erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
| EUA | Examination under anaesthesia |
| FBC | Full blood count |
| FFP | Fresh frozen plasma |
| FMF | Familial mediterrean fever |
| FNAC | Fine needle aspiration cytology |
| FSGS | Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis |
| GCA | Giant cell arteritis |
| GCS | Glasgow Coma Scale |
| GH | Growth hormone |
| GI | Gastro-intestinal |
| GN | Glomerulonephritis |
| GORD | Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease |
| GU | Gastric ulcer |
| HAV | Hepatitis A virus |
| Hb | Haemoglobin |
| HBV | Hepatitis B virus |
| HCC | Hepatocellular carcinoma |
| HCV | Hepatitis C virus |
| HPOA | Hypertrophic pulmonary oestoarthritis |
| HRCT | High-resonance comptuerised tomography |
| HTN | Hypertension |
| HUS | Haemolytic uraemic syndrome |
| IBD | Inflammatory bowel disease |
| IBS | Irritable bowel syndrome |
| ICP | Intracranial pressure |
| IDA | Iron deficiency anaemia |
| IGF-1 | Insulin-like growth factor-1 |
| IIH | Idiopathic intracranial hypertension |
| INO | Inter-nuclear opthalmoplegia |
| IPF | Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis |
| IVC | Inferior vena cava |
| IVDU | Intravenous drug use |
| IVU | Intravenous ureterogram |
| JVP | Jugular venous pulse |
| LDH | Lactate dehydrogenase |
| LEMS | Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome |
| LFT | Liver function tests |
| LMN | Lower motor neurone |
| LMWH | Low-molecular weight heparin |
| MAHA | Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia |
| MND | Motor neurone disease |
| MPA | Microscopic polyangiits |
| MRCP | Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography |
| MRI | Magnetic resonance imaging |
| MS | Multiple sclerosis |
| NAFLD | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| NGT | Naso-gastric tube |
| NHL | Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma |
| OCP | Oral contraceptic pill |
| OD | Overdose |
| OGD | Oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy |
| PA | Pernicious anaemia |
| PAN | Polyarteritis nodosa |
| PBC | Primary biliary cirrhosis |
| PCH | Paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria |
| PCI | Primary cutaneous intervention |
| PE | Pulmonary embolus |
| PET | Positron emission tomography |
| PMR | Polymyalgia rheumatica |
| PND | Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea |
| PNH | Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria |
| PPI | Proton pump inhibitor |
| PSA | Prostate specific antigen |
| PSC | Primary sclerosing cholangitis |
| PTH | Parathyroid hormone |
| PUJ | Pelvi-ureteric junction |
| PVD | Peripheral vascular disease |
| RA | Rheumatoid arthritis |
| RAPD | Relative afferent pupillary defect |
| RCC | Renal cell carcinoma |
| RF | Rheumatoid factor |
| RFA | Radio-frequency ablation |
| RPGN | Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis |
| RTA | Road traffic accident |
| SAH | Sub-arachnoid haemorrhage |
| SBO | Small bowel obstruction |
| SBP | Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis |
| SCD | Sickle-cell disease |
| SE | Side-effects |
| SIRS | Systemic inflammatory response syndrome |
| SLE | Systemic lupus erythematosus |
| SOL | Space occupying lesion |
| TACE | Trans-arterial chemo-embolisation |
| TCA | Tricyclic antidepressants |
| TIA | Transient ischaemic attack |
| TIBC | Total iron binding capacity |
| TLE | Temporal lobe epilepsy |
| TOE | Transoesophageal echocardiogram |
| TSH | Thyroid stimulating hormone |
| TURP | Trans-urethral resection of prostate |
| UC | Ulcerative colitis |
| UMN | Upper motor neurone |
| URTI | Upper respiratory tract infection |
| USS | Ultrasound scan |
| VHL | Von-Hippel Lindau syndrome |
| VSD | Ventricular septal defect |
| VTE | Venous thrombo-embolism |
| VUJ | Vesico-ureteric junction |
| WCC | White cell count |
| WLE | Wide local excision |