List of Abbreviations


AAA Abdominal aortic aneurysm
AAT Alpha-1-antitrypsin
ABG Arterial blood gases
AF Atrial fibrillation
AFP Alpha-feto protein
AIHA Auto-immune haemolytic anaemia
ALF Acute liver failure
ALL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
ALP Alkaline phosphatase
ALT Alanine transferase
AMA Anti-mitochondrial antibody
AML Acute myeloid leukaemia
ANA Anti-nuclear antibody
ANCA Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antigen
ARDS Acute respiratory distress syndrome
ARF Acute renal failure
ASD Atrial septal defect
ASMA Anti-smooth muscle antibody
AST Aspartate transferase
B-HCG Beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin
BPH Benign prostatic hypertrophy
Br Bilirubin
BZD Benzodiazepines
CAD Coronary artery disease
CBD Common bile duct
CCF Congestive cardiac failure
CEA Carcinoembyronic antigen
CF Cystic fibrosis
CKD Chronic kidney disease
CLL Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
CML Chronic myeloid leukaemia
CNS Central nervous system
COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CRC Colorectal cancer
CRP C-reactive protein
CSF Cerebrospinal fluid
CT Computerised tomography
CTPA CT pulmonary angiography
CXR Chest X-ray
CYP Cytochrome P450 oxidases
DIC Disseminated intravascular coagulation
DKA Diabetic ketoacidosis
DMD Duchenne musclar dystrophy
DU Duodenal ulcer
EAA Extrinsic allergic alveolitis
EM Electron microscopy
EPO Erythropoeitin
ER+ Oestrogen receptor positive
ERCP Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
ESR Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
EUA Examination under anaesthesia
FBC Full blood count
FFP Fresh frozen plasma
FMF Familial mediterrean fever
FNAC Fine needle aspiration cytology
FSGS Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
GCA Giant cell arteritis
GCS Glasgow Coma Scale
GH Growth hormone
GI Gastro-intestinal
GN Glomerulonephritis
GORD Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
GU Gastric ulcer
HAV Hepatitis A virus
Hb Haemoglobin
HBV Hepatitis B virus
HCC Hepatocellular carcinoma
HCV Hepatitis C virus
HPOA Hypertrophic pulmonary oestoarthritis
HRCT High-resonance comptuerised tomography
HTN Hypertension
HUS Haemolytic uraemic syndrome
IBD Inflammatory bowel disease
IBS Irritable bowel syndrome
ICP Intracranial pressure
IDA Iron deficiency anaemia
IGF-1 Insulin-like growth factor-1
IIH Idiopathic intracranial hypertension
INO Inter-nuclear opthalmoplegia
IPF Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
IVC Inferior vena cava
IVDU Intravenous drug use
IVU Intravenous ureterogram
JVP Jugular venous pulse
LDH Lactate dehydrogenase
LEMS Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome
LFT Liver function tests
LMN Lower motor neurone
LMWH Low-molecular weight heparin
MAHA Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia
MND Motor neurone disease
MPA Microscopic polyangiits
MRCP Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography
MRI Magnetic resonance imaging
MS Multiple sclerosis
NAFLD Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
NGT Naso-gastric tube
NHL Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
OCP Oral contraceptic pill
OD Overdose
OGD Oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy
PA Pernicious anaemia
PAN Polyarteritis nodosa
PBC Primary biliary cirrhosis
PCH Paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria
PCI Primary cutaneous intervention
PE Pulmonary embolus
PET Positron emission tomography
PMR Polymyalgia rheumatica
PND Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea
PNH Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria
PPI Proton pump inhibitor
PSA Prostate specific antigen
PSC Primary sclerosing cholangitis
PTH Parathyroid hormone
PUJ Pelvi-ureteric junction
PVD Peripheral vascular disease
RA Rheumatoid arthritis
RAPD Relative afferent pupillary defect
RCC Renal cell carcinoma
RF Rheumatoid factor
RFA Radio-frequency ablation
RPGN Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
RTA Road traffic accident
SAH Sub-arachnoid haemorrhage
SBO Small bowel obstruction
SBP Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
SCD Sickle-cell disease
SE Side-effects
SIRS Systemic inflammatory response syndrome
SLE Systemic lupus erythematosus
SOL Space occupying lesion 
TACE Trans-arterial chemo-embolisation
TCA Tricyclic antidepressants
TIA Transient ischaemic attack
TIBC Total iron binding capacity
TLE Temporal lobe epilepsy
TOE Transoesophageal echocardiogram
TSH Thyroid stimulating hormone
TURP Trans-urethral resection of prostate
UC Ulcerative colitis
UMN Upper motor neurone
URTI Upper respiratory tract infection
USS Ultrasound scan
VHL Von-Hippel Lindau syndrome
VSD Ventricular septal defect
VTE Venous thrombo-embolism
VUJ Vesico-ureteric junction
WCC White cell count
WLE Wide local excision